Tesla Model S(2016-2022) Used Buyer's Guide

The Tesla Model S was the car that proved electric vehicles could be desirable, practical, and blisteringly fast. First launched in 2012, the versions covered here (2016-2022) represent the mature, refined Model S before the controversial 2021 "Plaid" refresh with yoke steering.

As a used buy, the Model S offers incredible value — cars that cost £80,000-£100,000+ new can be found for £30,000-£50,000, bringing luxury EV ownership to a wider audience.

Key model variants:

Key changes by year:

MCU versions (critical for used buyers):

The "Raven" update in 2019 brought significant improvements — new permanent magnet motors, adaptive suspension, and better efficiency. These are the most desirable pre-2021 models.

Performance

Even the "slowest" Model S (75D at 4.4 seconds to 62mph) is fast by any normal standard. The P100D/Performance models are genuinely supercar-fast, with acceleration that embarrasses Ferraris and Lamborghinis.

"Ludicrous Mode" on Performance models delivers acceleration that's difficult to comprehend until experienced. It's a genuine party trick.

In town

The Model S is large (almost 5 metres long, nearly 2 metres wide) and feels it in tight urban environments. Parking can be challenging, though the 360-degree cameras and Autopark (if equipped) help significantly.

The air suspension (standard on most) adjusts height automatically, useful for speed bumps and car parks.

On the motorway

This is the Model S's natural habitat. Refined, quiet (especially post-2019 Raven), and effortlessly fast when needed. Autopilot handles the monotony of motorway driving well.

Range anxiety is minimal with the 100kWh versions — 250+ real-world miles is achievable at motorway speeds.

On a twisty road

Despite its size and weight (2,100kg+), the Model S handles well. The low centre of gravity and instant torque make it surprisingly engaging. The air suspension can be set to "Sport" for tighter body control.

It's not a sports car, but it's far more capable than its size suggests.

Front seats

Excellent space and comfort. The seats are supportive for long journeys, and the minimalist dashboard creates an airy, spacious feel. The 17" portrait touchscreen dominates but leaves plenty of room.

Rear seats

Rear space is generous — three adults can sit comfortably, with good legroom and headroom. The flat floor (no transmission tunnel) helps.

Optional rear-facing child seats were available in early models, though most UK cars don't have these.

Boot space

The Model S has a hatchback-style tailgate (despite looking like a saloon), offering excellent practicality.

The rear seats fold flat, creating a huge load area. The hatchback opening makes loading large items easy. Combined with the frunk, total cargo capacity exceeds most SUVs.

This is one of the Model S's strongest points — it genuinely works as a family car.

Interior quality

Interior quality is good but not quite Mercedes S-Class levels, despite the price when new. The materials are nice, the design is clean and modern, but some plastics feel below what you'd expect at this price point.

The minimalist aesthetic has aged well — it looks less dated than button-heavy German rivals from the same era.

The 17" touchscreen

Everything is controlled through the massive portrait touchscreen. It was revolutionary in 2012 and remains impressive today. However:

MCU1 is a significant concern — the eMMC memory chip fails, causing screen blackouts. Tesla offered a repair/upgrade program, but check whether this has been done on any pre-2018 car.

Features

Over-the-air updates

The Model S continues to receive updates, adding features and improvements. A 2016 car today has more features than when it left the factory.

Real-world range

The 75D is adequate for most use but can feel limiting on longer journeys. The 100D and Long Range versions offer genuinely anxiety-free range.

Charging

Note: Pre-2019 Model S cars are limited to ~150kW Supercharging. Raven (2019+) models can use the full 250kW V3 speed.

Supercharger network

Access to Tesla's Supercharger network is a major advantage. The Model S uses the same reliable, well-located network as the Model 3. CCS charging is also available via adapter (included with most cars).

Overall reliability

The Model S is complex, and early cars especially can be troublesome. Reliability improved significantly through the model's life, with Raven (2019+) models being the most dependable.

Common issues

The MCU1 problem

If buying a pre-March 2018 car, verify whether the MCU has been upgraded. The original eMMC memory chip fails after 4-6 years, causing screen failure. Tesla charges ~£1,500 to replace with MCU2, but some owners have had it done under warranty or consumer law.

Drive units

Early Model S cars (2012-2016) had drive unit issues causing a whining noise. Tesla's warranty was excellent, and many cars have had drive units replaced. Check service history for any drive unit work.

What's actually reliable

The battery and core drivetrain are generally solid. It's the auxiliary systems (door handles, screens, air suspension) that cause most issues. Running costs can be higher than expected due to these complexity issues.

Before viewing

• Check MCU version — Critical for pre-2018 cars. Ask specifically.
• Request service history — Tesla app shows all work done
• Verify Autopilot/FSD — Check what's actually included
• Check battery degradation — Ask for current range estimate

During inspection

Test drive checklist

Questions to ask

• Has the MCU been replaced or upgraded? (Pre-2018)
• Have door handles been replaced? How many?
• Any air suspension work done?
• Is the 12V battery original?
• What's the current range estimate at 100%?

Red flags

Current market prices (2026)

What affects price

Best value

A 2019 Long Range (Raven) with 40,000-60,000 miles and full service history. You get the improved efficiency, faster charging, better suspension, and MCU2 reliability. Expect £45,000-£55,000.

For budget buyers, a 2018 100D with MCU2 (March 2018+) offers excellent range and the more reliable infotainment. Around £35,000-£45,000.

Avoid

Pre-2018 cars with MCU1 that hasn't been upgraded, especially high-mileage examples with unclear service history. The potential for expensive repairs is significant.